B. Coupled Channels Codes in Nuclear Physics

There is a natural progression of complexity in the codes being considered here:

1. One-step (DWBA) codes Inelastic excitations Zero-range transfers (ZR) No-recoil transfers (NR)
2. Coupled channels (CC) codes with local form factors Inelastic excitations (CC) Zero-range transfers (ZR-CC, sometimes included in CCBA) No-recoil transfers (NR-CC, sometimes included in CCBA)
3. One-step (DWBA) codes for exact finite-range transfers (EFR-DWBA)
4. Coupled channels Born approximation (CCBA): a coupled set of channels followed by a finite-range transfer (sometimes called EFR-CCBA).
5. Two-step DWBA Zero-range transfers (2-step ZR-DWBA) No-recoil transfers (2-step NR-DWBA)
6. One-step DWBA codes for exact finite-range transfers (EFR-DWBA)
7. Two-step DWBA for exact finite-range transfers (2-step EFR-DWBA)
8. Coupled reaction channels (CRC), allowing finite-range transfers.

The following is a summary of the more widely known coupled channels codes (codes which can only perform one-step DWBA calculations have been excluded).

1. Yoshida [57]: Inelastic CC with $\delta$-function interactions
2. Buck, Stamp and Hodgson [53] and Satchler (see ref.[53]): Inelastic CC
3. Tamura [1]: General purpose inelastic CC
4. Stamp [58]: ZR-CC
5. Rawitscher [59]: ZR-CC using iterated Green functions
6. Tamura and Low [56] and [47]: Saturn-Mars - NR-DWBA and EFR-DWBA
7. Ohmura et al. [46]: CRC for deuterons
8. Ascuitto et al. [61]: ZR-CCBA using source terms
9. Mackintosh [62]: ZR-CRC for deuterons and protons
10. Bang and Wollesen [60]: two-step ZR-DWBA.
11. Toyama [64]: two-step ZR-DWBA
12. Schaeffer and Bertsch [63]: two-step ZR-DWBA
13. Rösel et al. [35], extended by Rawitscher [36]: AROSA - CC for Coulomb excitations
14. Cotanch and Vincent [41]: CRC for deuterons
15. Raynal [51] and [38]: General purpose inelastic CC and ZR-CC
16. Kunz [65], and later Comfort [66]: CHUCK - General purpose CC (inelastic and ZR)
17. Nagel and Koshel [43]: OUKID - EFR-CCBA for light ions
18. Kawai [50]: CRC for deuterons
19. Baltz [67]: QUICC - Inelastic CC for heavy ions
20. Imanishi [68]: CRC for ¹²C+¹³C reactions
21. Tolsma [5] and [37]: PIECANSOL - Inelastic CC for heavy ions
22. Toyama and Igarashi [69]: TWOSTP - 2-step ZR- and EFR-DWBA for light ions, and
    Igarashi: TWOFNR/PTFF - 2-step EFR-DWBA for sequential and simultaneous transfers of two nucleons for light ion reactions.
23. Thompson [49]: CRC for deuterons
24. MacFarlane, Pieper and Rhoades-Brown [52]
    PTOLEMY/1 - Inelastic DWBA and EFR-DWBA for heavy and light ions
    PTOLEMY/2 - General purpose inelastic CC for heavy ions
25. Kunz : CHORK - ZR-CC, and NR-CC for heavy ions
26. Thompson [34]: FRESCO - General purpose CRC for light and heavy ions
27. Clarke [70]: a new `zero-angle' approximation for CC finite-range transfers (i.e. `ZA-CC')

Note that it is sometimes difficult to put these developments in a definite chronological order.